The private sector investment is not restricted to only cement and steel in fact data suggest there are many sectors witnessing private sector capital formation, he said.
Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) continues to emerge as an important driver of growth, as indicated in its rising share of nominal GDP, he said, adding that India is in the midst of a private capex upcycle that has been aided by government capital expenditure.
Post-Covid, the government’s thrust on capex has been a critical driver of economic growth amidst an uncertain and challenging global environment.
The focus of capex has been broad-based. Spending in sectors such as road transport and highways, railways, defence services, and telecommunications delivers higher and longer impetuses to growth by addressing logistical bottlenecks and expanding productive capacities. Government capex has also begun to crowd in private investment, he added. The government’s pre-Budget Economic Survey set a conservative growth forecast of 6.5-7 per cent for the current fiscal as it flagged the need for creating more jobs in the economy and backed more Chinese direct investments to boost exports.
The report, authored by the chief economic adviser’s office, favoured considering targeting inflation that excludes food, the prices of which are influenced more by supply than demand.
The projection in the Economic Survey is a tad lower than the Reserve Bank’s growth estimates of 7.2 per cent. However, major global agencies, including the IMF and ADB, have projected the growth at 7 per cent.
The key economic document also suggested that the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) should stop looking at food inflation in deciding interest rates and the government should explore giving coupons or direct cash transfer to poor to deal with higher food prices.
Amidst strained ties with China, the pre-Budget Economic Survey also made a strong case for seeking foreign direct investments (FDI) from Beijing to boost local manufacturing and tap the export market.
“We didn’t say promote, we just said we need to find the right balance between importing goods or importing capital,” Nageswaran said.
As the US and Europe are shifting their immediate sourcing away from China, it is more effective to have Chinese companies invest in India and then export the products to these markets rather than importing from the neighbouring country, the Survey said.
India faces two choices to benefit from ‘China plus one strategy’ — it can integrate into China’s supply chain or promote FDI from China.
He further said the Centre to re-examine the policy with regard to FDI investments from China.
“I am asking for re-examination… I’m saying that there is a balance that’s required between importing goods versus importing capital. I gave example of what Brazil and Turkey did. They banned the import of vehicles but then they incentivise them to investing them in their own country,” he said.
He said India has a large trade deficit with China and if India continues to import, the trade balance will continue to widen.